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Summary
Publication date: 26 Nov 2019
us FASB ASU 2019-11
Why Is the FASB Issuing This Accounting Standards Update (Update)?
On June 16, 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which introduced an expected credit loss model for the impairment of financial assets measured at amortized cost basis. That model replaces the probable, incurred loss model for those assets. Through the amendments in that Update, the Board added Topic 326, Financial Instruments— Credit Losses, and made several consequential amendments to the Codification.
The Board has an ongoing project on its agenda for improving the Codification or correcting its unintended application. The items addressed in that project generally are not expected to have a significant effect on current accounting practice or create a significant administrative cost for most entities. The amendments in this Update are similar to those items. However, the Board decided to issue a separate Update for improvements to the amendments in Update 2016-13 to increase stakeholder awareness of those amendments and to expedite the improvement process. The amendments include items brought to the Board’s attention by stakeholders.
Who Is Affected by the Amendments in This Update?
The amendments in this Update affect a variety of Topics in the Codification. The amendments apply to all reporting entities within the scope of the affected accounting guidance.
What Are the Main Provisions?
The amendments in this Update clarify or address stakeholders’ specific issues about certain aspects of the amendments in Update 2016-13 as described in the table below:
Area of Improvement | Summary of Amendments |
|---|---|
Issue 1: Expected Recoveries for Purchased Financial Assets with
Credit Deterioration
The guidance in paragraph 326-20-30-1 states that expected recoveries of amounts previously written off or expected to be written off should be included in the allowance for credit losses valuation account. Stakeholders questioned whether this guidance applies to purchased financial assets with credit deterioration (PCD assets) measured at amortized cost basis in Subtopic 326-20, Financial Instruments— Credit Losses—Measured at Amortized Cost.
Specifically, stakeholders questioned whether negative allowances were permitted on PCD assets. The phrase negative allowance is used to describe situations for which an entity determines that it will recover the amortized cost basis, or a portion of that basis, after a writeoff and that “basis recovery” is included in the allowance for credit losses through a negative allowance. Those situations often are a result of an entity applying regulatory charge-off policies that are generally based on delinquency status.
| The amendments clarify that the allowance for credit losses for PCD assets should include in the allowance for credit losses expected recoveries of amounts previously written off and expected to be written off by the entity and should not exceed the aggregate of amounts of the amortized cost basis previously written off and expected to be written off by an entity.
In addition, the amendments clarify that when a method other than a discounted cash flow method is used to estimate expected credit losses, expected recoveries should not include any amounts that result in an acceleration of the noncredit discount. An entity may include increases in expected cash flows after acquisition.
|
Issue 2: Transition Relief for Troubled Debt Restructurings
At the June 2017 Credit Losses Transition Resource Group (TRG) meeting, stakeholders noted the operational complexities of calculating a prepayment-adjusted effective interest rate on troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) that exist as of the adoption date by using the prepayment assumptions in effect immediately before the restructuring. They requested transition relief when adjusting the effective interest rate for those arrangements.
| The amendments provide transition relief by permitting entities an accounting policy election to adjust the effective interest rate on existing TDRs using prepayment assumptions on the date of adoption of Topic 326 rather than the prepayment assumptions in effect immediately before the restructuring.
|
Issue 3: Disclosures Related to Accrued Interest Receivables
Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments— Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments, amended the guidance in Subtopics 326-20 and 326-30, Financial Instruments— Credit Losses—Available-for-Sale Debt Securities, to allow an entity to elect a practical expedient to disclose separately the total amount of accrued interest included in the amortized cost basis as a single balance to meet certain disclosure requirements.
Stakeholders noted that an entity would still be required to include accrued interest in other disclosure requirements of its amortized cost basis for financial assets under other Topics. Stakeholders requested that the disclosure relief for accrued interest receivable balances be extended to all relevant disclosures involving amortized cost basis.
| The amendments extend the disclosure relief for accrued interest receivable balances to additional relevant disclosures involving amortized cost basis.
|
Issue 4: Financial Assets Secured by Collateral Maintenance Provisions
The guidance in paragraph 326-20-35-6 for financial assets secured by collateral maintenance provisions provides a practical expedient to measure the estimate of expected credit losses by comparing the amortized cost basis of a financial asset and the fair value of collateral securing the financial asset as of the reporting date. Stakeholders questioned whether an entity is required to evaluate whether a borrower has the ability to continually replenish collateral securing the financial asset to apply the practical expedient.
Additionally, stakeholders questioned how an entity should determine its estimate of expected credit losses if the fair value of the collateral securing the financial asset is less than its amortized cost basis.
| The amendments clarify that an entity should assess whether it reasonably expects the borrower will be able to continually replenish collateral securing the financial asset to apply the practical expedient.
The amendments clarify that an entity applying the practical expedient should estimate expected credit losses for any difference between the amount of the amortized cost basis that is greater than the fair value of the collateral securing the financial asset (that is, the unsecured portion of the amortized cost basis). An entity may determine that the expectation of nonpayment for the amount of the amortized cost basis equal to the fair value of the collateral securing the financial asset is zero.
|
Issue 5: Conforming Amendment to Subtopic 805-20
Stakeholders noted that paragraph 805-20-50-1 references Subtopic 310-30, Receivables—Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality, which was superseded by the amendments in Update 2016-13.
| The amendment to Subtopic 805-20, Business Combinations—Identifiable Assets and Liabilities, and Any Noncontrolling Interest, clarifies the guidance by removing the cross-reference to Subtopic 310-30 in paragraph 805-20-50-1 and replacing it with a cross-reference to the guidance on PCD assets in Subtopic 326-20.
|
How Do the Main Provisions Differ from Current Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and Why Are They an Improvement?
The amendments in this Update represent changes to clarify, correct errors in, or improve the Codification. The amendments make the Codification easier to understand and easier to apply by eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications.
When Will the Amendments Be Effective and What Are the Transition Requirements?
For entities that have not yet adopted the amendments in Update 2016-13 as of the issuance date of this Update, the effective dates and transition requirements for the amendments are the same as the effective dates and transition requirements in Update 2016-13.
For entities that have adopted the amendments in Update 2016-13, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period after issuance of this Update as long as an entity has adopted the amendments in Update 2016-13.
For entities that have adopted the amendments in Update 2016-13, the amendments in this Update should be applied on a modified retrospective basis by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening retained earnings balance in the statement of financial position as of the date that an entity adopted the amendments in Update 2016-13.
Copyright #year# by Financial Accounting Foundation, Norwalk, Connecticut.
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